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Two people can share the same glasses number and still see the world differently — one reads the number plate cleanly at dusk, the other sees a halo around every streetlight. That difference usually sits on the surface of the cornea, the clear front window of the eye, and a prescription never records it. Topography-guided ablation is the planning method we use at Dayal Eye Centre when the laser correction should be shaped around your own corneal surface, not only around the sphere and cylinder on your spectacle slip.
Corneal topography is a map of the front surface of your eye. Like a survey map, it records height and curvature at thousands of separate points across the cornea rather than one average. Elevation mapping shows how far each point sits above or below an ideal smooth curve.
Your glasses prescription captures only two kinds of focusing error — and it cannot record anything finer. Topography-guided planning accounts for that second layer, factoring the irregularities of your actual surface into the plan alongside your power.
Sphere is your overall power — how nearsighted (myopia) or farsighted (hyperopia) you are. Cylinder is astigmatism, where the cornea is shaped a little more like a rugby ball than a football. Spectacle lenses correct these well.
Smaller, more complex distortions in the way light passes through the eye — too subtle and too oddly shaped for a spectacle lens to cancel out. They show themselves in dim light, when the pupil opens wider, which is why some people see well on a vision chart but struggle at night.
Instruments gather the maps; a refractive surgeon interprets them and decides what the laser will do. Nothing about it is automated end to end.
We begin on the OCULUS Pentacam, a rotating-camera scanner that images the front and back surfaces of the cornea and measures its thickness across the whole map. It tells us the shape we are working with and whether there is enough healthy tissue to treat safely.
The iTRACE traces rays of light through your eye, separating how much of your blur comes from the cornea and how much from the lens inside it. It also quantifies your higher-order aberrations — the number that matters most when the complaint is night glare rather than blur.
Dr. Sanjeev Bisla or Dr. Hem Shah reviews the topography, elevation and aberrometry maps side by side, checks that repeat scans agree, and builds the ablation profile: the exact pattern of tissue the laser will remove, point by point, to correct the power and smooth surface irregularities in one pass.
The profile is transferred to the Alcon WaveLight EX500 excimer laser, which delivers it with high-speed eye tracking to keep each pulse on target if your eye moves.
The division of work matters: the Pentacam and iTRACE are diagnostic instruments that measure. Topography-guided ablation is a treatment method that corrects.
Three ways to plan a laser correction, and what each is based on. Which fits you is a clinical decision made after your scans, not a menu choice.
Your spectacle prescription alone (sphere and cylinder).
Nearsightedness, farsightedness and regular astigmatism.
Straightforward prescriptions, regular corneal maps, no significant higher-order aberrations.
Your prescription plus a standard adjustment for corneal curvature.
The same errors, with a profile shaped to reduce induced spherical aberration at the corneal periphery.
Regular corneas, where the aim is a predictable correction with less risk of adding new aberrations.
Thousands of measured points from your own corneal map, plus your prescription.
Your power together with measured surface irregularities and corneal higher-order aberrations.
Measurable corneal irregularity, or night glare, haloes and poor contrast despite a good chart reading.
Consult with our doctors before assuming any one method suits your eyes — the right choice follows your measurements.
Book a ConsultationHigher-order aberrations are a well-recognised contributor to glare, haloes around lights and reduced contrast in low light. Because they scale with pupil size, they become noticeable exactly when vision matters most — driving after dark.
Topography-guided planning is designed to address surface irregularities alongside the power correction, not the power alone. Published studies of topography-guided LASIK report high rates of 20/20 (6/6) or better uncorrected vision and better patient-reported quality of vision, including night-vision symptoms, compared with conventional LASIK.
Those are research findings across groups of patients, not a forecast for any one eye. Individual results vary and no outcome can be promised. Some glare has causes this treatment cannot touch — early cataract, dry eye, a large pupil — which is why we investigate your symptoms first.
Broadly, we look for a stable prescription, corneal maps regular enough to guide a plan, enough corneal thickness for the tissue the treatment removes, and a sound cornea and tear film.
Not every eye is suited, and corneal thickness and corneal health usually decide it. Where they do not permit it we will say so plainly and discuss what does fit — SMILE, PRK or a lens-based option such as an implantable collamer lens. Full candidacy, recovery and cost sit on our Contoura Vision surgery page.
Both work in an NABH-accredited hospital with three modular operation theatres — cataract, retina and LASIK — backed by 20+ years of trust and 1.2 lakh+ eye surgeries. SMILE and Contoura Vision are both available under one roof, so your recommendation follows your scans rather than whichever technology is in the building.

MS Ophthalmology (PGIMS Rohtak), with PHACO and Glaucoma fellowships from Aravind Eye Hospital. Across 23 years he has performed 80,000+ cataract surgeries.
Refractive work includes Femto Contoura, Epi-Contoura, StreamLight, ReLEx SMILE and PRK.

DNB Ophthalmology, with cornea and anterior segment specialisation at Aravind Eye Hospital, Madurai.
Performs FemtoLASIK, Femto Contoura, Epi-Contoura, PRK, SMILE, SILK and corneal transplants.
Bring your current prescription and any earlier eye records. A refractive workup takes two to three hours, and you will leave knowing which method suits you.
Results: Individual results vary based on eye condition, prescription/power range, corneal thickness, age, overall eye health and healing response. Outcomes shown or described are not a promise of a specific result. Medical: This page is not a substitute for a medical consultation, diagnosis or treatment. Please consult with our doctors about your own eyes.
Medically reviewed by Dr. Sanjeev Bisla, MBBS, MS (Ophthalmology), Director — Dayal Eye Centre · Editorial Policy