Keratoconus
What is Keratoconus?
Keratoconus is a progressive eye condition in which the normally round cornea thins and becomes cone-shaped. This change in shape causes distorted vision and can lead to significant visual impairment if left untreated. Here are a few key points about keratoconus:
Causes of Keratoconus
The exact cause of keratoconus remains unclear, but both genetic and environmental factors are believed to play roles. It often runs in families and is associated with conditions like allergies and frequent eye rubbing.
Symptoms of Keratoconus
Common symptoms include:
- Blurred or distorted vision
- Increased sensitivity to light (photophobia)
- Frequent changes in eyeglass prescription
- Halos or glare around lights
- Eye strain or discomfort
Progression of Keratoconus
Typically emerging in the late teens to early twenties, keratoconus progresses over time. The rate varies among individuals. Early stages might have minimal impact on vision, but as the cornea’s irregularity increases, more severe visual issues can arise.
Diagnosis of Keratoconus
Eye care professionals diagnose keratoconus through comprehensive eye exams, which may involve:
- Visual Acuity Test: Assessing clarity of vision.
- Corneal Topography: Mapping the cornea’s shape.
- Pachymetry: Measuring corneal thickness.
Treatment Options for Keratoconus
Treatment depends on severity and includes:
- Eyeglasses or Contact Lenses: Early stages may be managed with corrective lenses. Specialized contact lenses, such as rigid gas permeable (RGP) or scleral lenses, might be necessary for better vision correction.
- Corneal Cross-Linking (CXL): A minimally invasive procedure that strengthens the cornea to slow or halt progression. Learn more about Corneal Treatment.
- Intacs: Small implants inserted into the cornea to reshape it and improve vision.
- Corneal Transplant: In advanced cases, a corneal transplant may be required to restore vision.
Prognosis
Early intervention can slow keratoconus progression and prevent severe vision loss. Regular monitoring and appropriate treatment are essential for maintaining good vision and quality of life.
Prevention
While the exact cause is unknown, to potentially slow progression:
- Avoid rubbing your eyes.
- Manage allergies effectively.
If you experience symptoms of keratoconus, seeking medical advice promptly is crucial. Schedule an eye checkup at Dayal Eye Centre for a thorough evaluation and expert care.